To study the effects of ocean acidification, ten huge plastic containers called mesocosms are in place in the Gullmar Fjord in Sweden.
The project is unique: mesocosms of this size have never been used for such a long period of time. The experiment is part of a worldwide research project, and includes researchers from the University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
The mesocosms were lowered into the fjord with the help of divers from the research vessel Alkor and each one will now enclose 55,000 litres of seawater, containing organisms from the winter waters of the Gullmar Fjord.
Carbon dioxide is added to half of the mesocosms and the researchers are going to observe the effect of different acidity levels on marine plants and animal plankton by monitoring the plankton over many generations and measuring the chemistry of the water every day. They are also going to add herring and cod larvae to see how they develop in the enclosed seawater.
Similar studies have been carried out previously on a smaller scale in Polar environments, off the coast of Hawaii and off the Finnish and Norwegian coasts, however, mesocosms of this size have never been used for such a long period of time.
This is the largest and longest experiment on the impact of climate change on marine ecosystems that has ever been carried out. A team of sixty international researchers are now based at the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg to carry out the research in the Gullmar Fjord from January through June 2013 under the leadership of top German researcher Ulf Riebesell.