Over the past six decades, there have been rapid developments in technology and marine operations. These have brought about significant changes in maritime education and training. Six decades ago, maritime education and training was a relatively straightforward process. Upon entry into the merchant marine, an individual served mandatory periods of minimum sea service between progressive grades of license examinations that were conducted by the appropriate licensing authority. Sea service provided the bulk of required practical experience and formed the basis for further instruction ashore. Long sea voyages, long turn-around times, large crews, and extensive apprenticeship and cadet programs all contributed to individuals learning the required practical skills while at sea.