Seabed Rock May Have Caused Holes in Estonia Ferry that Sank

Rock on the seabed may have gouged previously unknown holes in the hull of the ferry Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea in 1994 with the loss of 852 lives, officials said on Tuesday following a new examination of the wreck.

In 1997, an official investigation into Europe's worst peacetime maritime disaster since World War Two concluded that the Estonia sank after a bow shield failed, damaging a bow ramp and causing the car deck to flood.

But in 2020, a documentary team found two previously unknown holes in the Estonia's hull, leading to renewed speculation about why the ship sank and prompting Sweden, Estonia and Finland to launch a survey of the wreck and the seabed surrounding it.

"Based on the report by Stockholm University there is high probability at least that the damage to the starboard side of the ship could have occurred due to contact with the sea bottom," Jonas Backstrand, chairman of the investigation and acting head of Sweden's accident investigation authority, told a news conference.

"We have now looked at the sea bottom and what's to be found there. We have to look a little more at the ship as well to be able to confirm."

The next step of the new official investigation is due to start next March and will focus more on the wreck itself.

The Estonia, with 803 passengers and 186 crew on board, had been sailing from Estonia's capital Tallinn and was headed for Stockholm in stormy weather when it sank, shortly after midnight on Sept. 28, 1994.

Most of those who died were trapped inside the ferry. The wreck lies about 22 nautical miles from Finland's Uto island in less than 85 metres of water.

Speculation about the causes of the sinking have included a collision with a submarine and an explosion inside the ship.

(Reporting by Anna Ringstrom, additional reporting by Simon Johnson Editing by Gareth Jones)