Warning of 'Cappuccino Bunkers' in Singapore

Some bunker deliveries at Singapore have contained excessive amounts of air, and as a result the quantity of fuel delivered and received was significantly overstated

UK P&I Club has published  warning and advice to operators on the bunkering phenomena the 'Cappuccino Effect' :

This effect is termed "Cappuccino" as the entrained air causes the fuel to "foam" which makes traditional manual measurement at the time of delivery unreliable.  After a few days the foam tends to collapse and tank measurements then show a significant "loss" of fuel. 

The Club  has issued guidelines compiled to assist ship's crew with identification of this potential problem and hopefully help with dispute resolution

A list of the recommendations is available  here.